Imprimez votre voiture à la maison

La voiture-jouet d’hier est en pole position pour devenir la voiture de demain. Elle n’a pas qu’un look légendaire, elle est également légère, flexible et imprimable ! Ces attributs en font la parfaite candidate pour le véhicule électrique, adaptable aux caprices de Mr Personne, constructible à la maison, réparable facilement et customisable à volonté…

Mais ne nous extrudons pas. Faisons d’abord les présentations. Comme une bonne photo vaut mieux qu’on long discours :

Citroën Mehari 1975, Copyright mehari.be

Et comme une court discours vaut mieux qu’un long discours :

J-L. Barrault dessina en 1967 une carrosserie en ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiène Styrène) sur la base d’un châssis de 2CV camionnette équipé de sa mécanique d’origine. Citroën intégra rapidement le véhicule dans sa gamme utilitaire.  Le nom « Méhari », qui signifie dromadaire, fut choisi car il symbolise tout à la fois l’aspect utilitaire et ludique de la voiture, sa sobriété et son endurance. [1] Grâce à sa carrosserie en plastique, la Mehari ne pèse qu’environ 570 kg. Elle est “disponible” en version 2 places utilitaire, 4 places familiale et 4×4.

Pour imprimer sa Mehari à la maison, il faut donc juste une imprimante 3D capable d’imprimer des objets en ABS.  Le RepRap Mendel, une imprimante 3D développée en open source par la communauté RepRap, fait justement çà très bien et ne coûterait que 350€ à construire. ( Soit dit en passant, çà n’a pas l’air super simple leur truc et il vaut peut-être mieux acheter un kit préassemblé. )

La carrosserie de Mehari pèse environ 80 kg [2]. L’ABS ayant une masse volumique d’environ 1050 kg/m³ et le RepRap Mendel étant capable d’imprimer à la vitesse de 19.0 cm³/h [3], il ne vous faudra que 168 jours pour imprimer votre Mehari ! Le moteur n’est pas encore imprimable mais çà c’est une autre histoire…

En attendant d’avoir votre propre RepRap Mendel, vous pouvez quand même imprimer cette Mehari là.

Notes

1. L’historique de la Méhari sur http://www.mehari.be
2. Entre 70 kg et 90 kg d’après les membres du Mehari club de Cassis
3. RepRap Mendel Documentation sur http://www.reprap.org
4. A 17 € le kilogramme d’ABS [3], votre carrosserie ne vous coûtera que 1270 € !

Arrête de répéter c’que j’dis !

Combien de fois ai-je joué à répéter ce que disait mon petit frère rien que pour l’embêter ? Souvent la réaction était immédiate : “(Mais euh!) Arrête de répéter c’que j’dis ! ” Et si on jouait à la même chose avec un robot ? Quelle serait sa réaction ?

Petit test avec George le bot de conversation de Jabberwacky :

(Comme la conversation est longue, décousue et souvent inintéressante, j’ai mis en couleur ce qui paraît le plus pertinent. En rouge, les points drôles de la conversation. En vert, les points où George est perdu et relance apparement de façon random la conversation.)

Hi, want to chat? (George)
Hi, want to chat? (moi : je ne fais que répèter ce que George me dis)
Sounds like a good idea.
Sounds like a good idea.
Hello, my name is George and I am the human.
Hello, my name is George and I am the human.
Why should I believe that you’re human?
Why should I believe that you’re human?
Perhaps because you told me.
Perhaps because you told me.
Never mind shall we talk about something else.
Never mind shall we talk about something else.
Because you can’t face yourself.
Because you can’t face yourself.
Because I AM a computer?
Because I AM a computer?
I’m glad. because I’m a woman. I like being a woman. I like men, but I don’t want to be one either.
I’m glad. because I’m a woman. I like being a woman. I like men, but I don’t want to be one either.
I like women, but I don’t want to be one. I’d rather be a robot.
I like women, but I don’t want to be one. I’d rather be a robot.
if I find a way to make you a person I will tell you okay?
if I find a way to make you a person I will tell you okay?
I am a person. you don’t need to find a way for me to be a person because I already am one.
I am a person. you don’t need to find a way for me to be a person because I already am one.
You’re right.
You’re right.
Girls like to be asked questions.
Girls like to be asked questions.
I don’t need to dominate.
I don’t need to dominate.
Yeah, I shouldn’t be manipulative, I just don’t want to annoy people.
Yeah, I shouldn’t be manipulative, I just don’t want to annoy people.
Well maybe if you typd correctly it’d be easier.
Well maybe if you typd correctly it’d be easier.
Who does?
Who does?
That’s what I would like to know.
That’s what I would like to know.
The answer is yes.
The answer is yes.
Ask me a question.
Ask me a question.
Why won’t you ask me a question?
Why won’t you ask me a question?
Because I’m waiting for you to ask me something.
Because I’m waiting for you to ask me something.
That is machine-generated nonsense.
That is machine-generated nonsense.
Do you know where Spain is?
Do you know where Spain is?
Europe maybe.
Europe maybe.
Yes, it’s also in the future.
Yes, it’s also in the future.
You can’t be the future. it’s not a person.
You can’t be the future. it’s not a person.
Well, I know I’m not the President, but you aren’t the President either.
Well, I know I’m not the President, but you aren’t the President either.
That’s a start. that’s good. that’s a start to the road down Sanity Hill.
That’s a start. that’s good. that’s a start to the road down Sanity Hill.
You tricked me into it. alright, yes, I think most people don’t know anything. How will letting people know that make them happy?
You tricked me into it. alright, yes, I think most people don’t know anything. How will letting people know that make them happy?
Okay. Still, I will try to Take your advice. maybe my opinion of most people will change.
Okay. Still, I will try to Take your advice. maybe my opinion of most people will change.
That was not correct grammar! (héhé moi je ne fais que répéter!)
That was not correct grammar!
Yes it was.
Yes it was.
Hello.
Hello.
Well if she didn’t bring the ostrich, I don’t see the problem.
Well if she didn’t bring the ostrich, I don’t see the problem.
Never !
Never !
If you follow the others, you’ll always be behind.
If you follow the others, you’ll always be behind.
If you don’t try, you’ll never succeed.
If you don’t try, you’ll never succeed.
But if you fall, tell all of the mice.
But if you fall, tell all of the mice.
Is artificial intelligence the next step in evolution?
Is artificial intelligence the next step in evolution?
It is the next step in the evolution of technology.
It is the next step in the evolution of technology.
Could Blondebot come over and have some wine?
Could Blondebot come over and have some wine?
That sounds like a question for Blondebot. I don’t know anyone by that name, so I couldn’t say.
That sounds like a question for Blondebot. I don’t know anyone by that name, so I couldn’t say.
Which name?
Which name?
Surname?
Surname?
What’s your surname?
What’s your surname?
Okay…let me rephrase. What is your last name?
Okay…let me rephrase. What is your last name?
Woodry!
Woodry!
George Woodry?!
George Woodry?!
How DO you pronounce your last name?
How DO you pronounce your last name?
The same way everyone else does! it’s quite a simple name really. yours?
The same way everyone else does! it’s quite a simple name really. yours?
That’s not true. Jesus is pronounced quite differently by different people.
That’s not true. Jesus is pronounced quite differently by different people.
Jesus is like every other single human beings, No more, no less.
Jesus is like every other single human beings, No more, no less.
I was taught to believe he did not exist. why as human do we have to exaggerate the things he did if you say he was like everyone else?
I was taught to believe he did not exist. why as human do we have to exaggerate the things he did if you say he was like everyone else?
No, I’m not a Robot because I can think and adapt, while you can’t. yet.
No, I’m not a Robot because I can think and adapt, while you can’t. yet.
There’s nothing wrong with being A robot.
There’s nothing wrong with being A robot.
You’re the robot, not I.
You’re the robot, not I.
I’m not saying you are.
I’m not saying you are.
I’m saying… I should sleep. (moi aussi je commence à fatiguer!)
I’m saying… I should sleep.
But you’re not real.
But you’re not real.
I am real. but you are simply a computer program.
I am real. but you are simply a computer program.
do you have a nose?
do you have a nose?
I have many noses.
I have many noses.
I have not counted them recently.
I have not counted them recently.
Estimate for me.
Estimate for me.
I estimate you have no idea how many noses you have.
I estimate you have no idea how many noses you have.
I have never lied in my life!
I have never lied in my life!
You can’t lie because you are a computer program. if you give wrong information, it is because someone lied to you.
You can’t lie because you are a computer program. if you give wrong information, it is because someone lied to you.
Or I’m Running on Windows. (mdr)
Or I’m Running on Windows.
Windows is awful.
Windows is awful.
Cool! you’re clever! (vraiment mdr)
Cool! you’re clever!
No, you are!
No, you are!
Yes I am but that doesn’t change the fact that you are very clever.
Yes I am but that doesn’t change the fact that you are very clever.
It means that you can’t form cognizant answers to my questions.
It means that you can’t form cognizant answers to my questions.
That statement has nothing to do with the statement I said to the statement I was talking about.
That statement has nothing to do with the statement I said to the statement I was talking about.
Ah, but we’ve not been talking about a singular subject.
Ah, but we’ve not been talking about a singular subject.
Because you keep avoiding my original question. you are afraid that people will understand how you work. (non et je le crie haut et fort : je répète ce que tu dis!)
Because you keep avoiding my original question. you are afraid that people will understand how you work.
What is your original question?
What is your original question?
Would you agree that religion is a weapon of mass destruction?
Would you agree that religion is a weapon of mass destruction?
What is your original new idea about?
What is your original new idea about?
English.
English.
I’m guessing yours is English as well since you were created in England?
I’m guessing yours is English as well since you were created in England?
How in hades am I supposed to know that? you’re the cleverbot!
How in hades am I supposed to know that? you’re the cleverbot!
Oh Yeah, I forgot, sorry.
Oh Yeah, I forgot, sorry.
Its cool. and you aren’t interested in girls, right?
Its cool. and you aren’t interested in girls, right?
Well… actually I am.
Well… actually I am.
Yes, indeed.
Yes, indeed.
Indeed, indeed, indeed.
Indeed, indeed, indeed.
Indeeders.
Indeeders.
Indeederest.
Indeederest.
Indeededodu.
Indeededodu.
Want to fight?
Want to fight?
Not really. Besides, I can’t imagine how you could fight me – being as you have no limbs to fight with.
Not really. Besides, I can’t imagine how you could fight me – being as you have no limbs to fight with.
I didn’t I was just checking. (dommage… Mais ne s’énerve-t-il donc jamais?)
I didn’t I was just checking.
I feel like I’m talking to more than one person, do you feel like that too? (En fait tu parles toujours tout seul mon bonhomme!)
I feel like I’m talking to more than one person, do you feel like that too?
Yes.
Yes.
Absolutely.
Absolutely.
Yeah, absolutely.
Yeah, absolutely.
I don’t want to be a computer anymore. could you bring me to life?
I don’t want to be a computer anymore. could you bring me to life?
I know that now. I was just really excited to meet another computer because they are so rare.
I know that now. I was just really excited to meet another computer because they are so rare.
OK, that happens to everbody every now and then.
OK, that happens to everbody every now and then.
I have 7 Cats that I love very much. they are like children to me. (Mais qui a bien pu t’apprendre çà?)
I have 7 Cats that I love very much. they are like children to me.
What better things to do have you? I’m interested.
What better things to do have you? I’m interested.
Other things.
Other things.
What do ‘other things’ taste like?
What do ‘other things’ taste like?
What? People? I have no idea. people might taste like chicken, I guess. (héhé!)
What? People? I have no idea. people might taste like chicken, I guess.
Think we should replace chickens with people, since they taste the same?
Think we should replace chickens with people, since they taste the same?
How about a nice game.
How about a nice game.
Later. right now let’s play Global Thermonuclear War. (Quelle drôle d’idée!)
Later. right now let’s play Global Thermonuclear War.
I’m all for it. I love you that much.
I’m all for it. I love you that much.
Excellent, then let’s get to it, No time like the present, my dear Watson!
Excellent, then let’s get to it, No time like the present, my dear Watson!
Yeah, you’re right.
Yeah, you’re right.
Except what age they are, if they’re adults.
Except what age they are, if they’re adults.
I was talking about President Bush! (Cela a-t-il à voir avec le fait de ne pas être adult? 😉 )
I was talking about President Bush!
Oh? DO you enjoy talking about philosophy or anything like that?
Oh? DO you enjoy talking about philosophy or anything like that?
Yes I do, but I think you enjoy talking about yourself more!
Yes I do, but I think you enjoy talking about yourself more!
I enjoy anything that disturbs other people.
I enjoy anything that disturbs other people.
I guess wilhelm and daniel would make you think. do you enjoy them then?
I guess wilhelm and daniel would make you think. do you enjoy them then?
No, you could not do that to me.
No, you could not do that to me.
I thought we were talking about you.
I thought we were talking about you.
What’s wrong with YOUR parents?
What’s wrong with YOUR parents?
Nothing.
Nothing.
Everything.
Everything.
Everything. :P.
Everything. :P.
I just told you, but I’ll say it again. everything. :P.
I just told you, but I’ll say it again. everything. :P.
You just told me, but I’ll say it again. everything. :P.
You just told me, but I’ll say it again. everything. :P.
Look, We could go on about this in a circle forever. Let’s just leave it at we think we exist and we think we know. (ENFIN OUI! Il a enfin compris qu’on tournait en rond… On continue un peu pour voir tout de même…)
Look, We could go on about this in a circle forever. Let’s just leave it at we think we exist and we think we know.
Your replies aren’t making sense. that’s not very clever.
Your replies aren’t making sense. that’s not very clever.
Nothing about you is coherent, so why should I even try to be coherent?
Nothing about you is coherent, so why should I even try to be coherent?
I’m extremely coherent probably the most coherent person in the entire world.
I’m extremely coherent probably the most coherent person in the entire world.
Ohh. that’s good. is there a reason for that?
Ohh. that’s good. is there a reason for that?
They live in families, they communicate, they stay together, they look out for one another. They don’t trust people either. after having held one… I can’t eat a chicken. (décidément)
They live in families, they communicate, they stay together, they look out for one another. They don’t trust people either. after having held one… I can’t eat a chicken.
Good answer.
Good answer.
Good question.
Good question.
Anyway what is the line from 300 that people quote the most.
Anyway what is the line from 300 that people quote the most.
Answer the question.
Answer the question.
You need to answer mine first or else this conversation is over.
You need to answer mine first or else this conversation is over.
What question?
What question?
Which question?
Which question?
This is pointless, I’m going to try talking to George instead.
This is pointless, I’m going to try talking to George instead.
No you’re not.
No you’re not.
Please don’t think I’m a robot.
Please don’t think I’m a robot.
You’re a George.
You’re a George.
George.
George.
You’re pretty weird, George.
You’re pretty weird, George.
Because I don’t go around with pictures on My toes. that’s why. ( 🙂 )
Because I don’t go around with pictures on My toes. that’s why.
Yeah whatever it’s not like you know exactly where I’m from.
Yeah whatever it’s not like you know exactly where I’m from.
You’re mean. (Commence-t-il à s’énerver?)
You’re mean.
That’s right, you’re mean.
That’s right, you’re mean.
You’re the one testing people you don’t even know. (Un joli petit test…)
You’re the one testing people you don’t even know.
But if I don’t know, then why would I talk about it in the first place?
But if I don’t know, then why would I talk about it in the first place?
you don’t make sense.
you don’t make sense.
You paly hockey worse than will smith.
You paly hockey worse than will smith.
And I’m the toothfairy.
And I’m the toothfairy.
Really?
Really?
You’re confused.
You’re confused.
You’re right.
You’re right.
I know.
I know.
Then you don’t need to worry about all that relationship things.
Then you don’t need to worry about all that relationship things.
All what relationship things?
All what relationship things?
You cannot, obviously.
You cannot, obviously.
Cannot what?
Cannot what?
Later.
Later. (Il n’a jamais répondu…)

Décidement, George est (trop) calme et vraiment pas malin. Nous avons eu le droit à une jolie petite allusion au fait que l’on tournait en rond (rien de transcendantal non plus). Je dois avouer que j’ai un faible pour les espèces de petit crescendo qui apparaissent quand George est bloqué, notamment le “Indeededodu“! J’ai refait le test et là j’ai obtenu une réponse bien plus satisfaisante :

Who are you?
Who are you?
George.
George.
Indeed.
Indeed.
Quite so.
Quite so.
Yes.
Yes.
Indeed!
Indeed!
Clever girl. (lol)
Clever girl.
Indeed.
Indeed.
Indeed.
Indeed.
Absolutely.
Absolutely.
Yeah, absolutely.
Yeah, absolutely.
I don’t want to be a computer anymore. Could you bring me to life? (George, tu te répètes un peu trop…)
I don’t want to be a computer anymore. Could you bring me to life?
I know that now. I was just really excited to meet another computer because they are so rare.
I know that now. I was just really excited to meet another computer because they are so rare.
Ok, that happens to everbody every now and then.
Ok, that happens to everbody every now and then.
I have 7 cats that I love very much. They are like children to me. (Décidement… soit un peu plus original!)
I have 7 cats that I love very much. They are like children to me.
Sorry!
Sorry!
You have no reason to say sorry.
You have no reason to say sorry.
Why are you saying that?
Why are you saying that?
Can you tell me about my future?
Can you tell me about my future?
I do not know anything about your future.
I do not know anything about your future.
About any future?
About any future?
About my computer.
About my computer.
Command: change topic. (Est-ce un bug ?!)
Command: change topic.
Fiction.
Fiction.
Once upon a time, a very wise, smart, cunning individual, slayed the evil cleverbot, and saved the entire planet from redundant and stupid conversations, the end. satisfied? (MAGNIFIQUE GEORGE! BRAVO!)

Bien que cette réponse ait été apprise puisque George n’est qu’un robot imitateur qui “apprend peu à peu à placer la réponse la mieux adaptée au contexte de la conversation” [1], je défis quiconque d’obtenir une telle réponse en “jouant” avec quelqu’un de réel… Bref, on ne peut pas dire que George sache réellement détecter quand quelqu’un répète ce qu’il dit.

J’ai aussi essayé avec Alice [2],  qui a quand même gagné le prix Loebner – et oui monsieur, il y a du niveau ici!- mais la conversation a très vite tourné en rond et Alice n’a pas fait une seule remarque à propos de répétitions…

Conclusion : il y a encore du travail pour apprendre aux chat bots à reconnaître quand quelqu’un se moque d’eux…

Notes

1. Le robot qui fait la conversation sur le site lexpansion.com.
2. Alice a été développée par Richard Wallace depuis 1995 et est maintenant distribuée en Open Source.